Numerical investigation on heat transfer characterization of liquid lithium metal in pipe

Liquid Li metal is a promising nuclear reactor coolant; however, relevant research regarding its heat transfer characteristics remains insufficient. In this study, a steady-state two-dimensional mathematical model is established to describe the heat transfer process of liquid Li in a straight pipe. A numerical analysis is conducted to investigate the effects of inlet velocity, inlet temperature, and wall heat flux on heat transfer in liquid Li. The results indicate the advantage of using liquid Li for improving heat transfer at high inlet temperatures (> 1000 K) compared with using liquid sodium and lead–bismuth eutectic. Considering the mechanism of the outlet radial heat flow model, the ratio of turbulent to molecular diffusion coefficients presents a parabolic distribution along the radius of the pipe. Increasing the inlet velocity, decreasing the inlet temperature, and decreasing the wall heat flux can effectively weaken the dominant role of molecular heat transfer owing to the low Prandtl number of liquid Li. The heat transfer of liquid Li is investigated comprehensively in this study, and the results provide a basis for the practical application of liquid Li as a promising coolant.     

柔性基础下不排水桩复合地基固结分析

考虑柔性基础下不排水桩复合地基中桩–土非等应变特性，推导出变荷载下不排水桩复合地基桩间土平均超静孔隙水压力的控制微分方程和求解条件。通过函数变换，基于变荷载下天然地基一维固结理论建立了相应的固结解析解，包括复合地基和桩间土中的平均超静孔隙水压力解答和复合地基整体平均固结度解答。利用有限元模拟方法验证了固结解析解的合理性，并与现有的固结度解析解进行了比较。结果表明，固结度解析解与数值模拟的结果较为吻合，计算精度高于现有的固结计算模型。采用基于等应变假设的固结计算模型分析路堤下不排水桩复合地基的固结速率，计算结果偏大。     

The landing zone – Ground for model transfer in chemistry

This essay proposes a new notion - the landing zone - in order to identify conceptual features that allow modelers to transfer mathematical tools across disciplinary borders. This discussion refers to the transferable models as ‘templates’. Templates are functions, equations, or computational methods that are capable of being generalized from a particular subject matter. There are formal and conceptual prerequisites for the transfer of a template to a new domain. A landing zone is an ontology that contributes to the satisfaction of these conditions for successful transfer. This paper presents a case study on a model in chemistry - the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) - that makes use of transferred templates from physics - the virial theorem and the wave function. The landing zone in this case is a new ontological notion, that of the topological atom, which prepares ground for the use of the virial theorem and the wave function in chemistry. The virial theorem requires that there exists in-principle stability to the system that it represents, and the wave function requires transformation in its representation that is justified. The ontology of QTAIM - the landing zone for these templates - grounds the scientific use of these templates in the context of chemistry.     

R型半胱氨酸体系电荷转移百分数的理论计算

采用密度泛函理论中的CAM-B3LYP方法, 在6-31G(d)基组水平上优化气相条件下R型半胱氨酸(R-Cys)分子的几何构型, 理论研究电子激发过程中R-Cys体系片段间的电荷转移特征, 并基于弛豫与非弛豫激发态密度计算片段间的电荷转移百分数. 结果表明: 对于SH片段, S0到S3的电荷转移百分数为57.96%； 对于COOH片段, S0到S1~S5各激发态的电荷转移百分数均为负值, 二者电荷转移的定性结果一致； 对于NH2片段, S0到S1和S4的电荷转移百分数分别为6.98%和31.45%.     

基于改进多目标遗传算法的连铸二冷过程优化

采用一种改进的多目标遗传算法对二冷工艺进行优化.改进的多目标遗传算法应用概率法选取选择算子，根据适应度值来动态计算交叉和变异概率，能够得到更好的全局最优解，提高算法精度和整体性能.在基于凝固传热模型的二冷优化过程中，采用变间距差分法离散求解传热方程，对比粒子群算法、多目标遗传算法，改进的多目标遗传算法搜索效率高，得到的价值函数最小.在实际生产中，采用优化后的二冷工艺，使得总用水量减少约10%，提高了铸坯质量，达到了节能降耗的要求.     

新疆两河源自然保护区鼓藻属植物分布新资料

报道了采自新疆两河源国家级自然保护区的鼓藻属(绿藻门)新疆新记录植物9种，包括3种5变种1变型，分别为厚皮鼓藻增厚变种C. pachydermum var. incrassatum Scottet et Gr?nblad、圆齿鼓藻圆齿变种博尔变型C. crenatum var. crenatum f. boldtiana (Gutwinski) West & West、帽状鼓藻C. galeretum Nordsted、近缘鼓藻C. connatum Ralfs、穿孔纹鼓藻斯科亚变种C. perforatum var. skujae Gr?nblad、方形鼓藻C. quadratum Ralfs、亚脊鼓藻贝克变种C. subcostatum var. beckii (Gutwinski) West & West、四眼鼓藻C. tetraophthalmum Ralfs、特平鼓藻拔萃变种C. turpinii var.eximium West & West.对每一个种(包括变种及变型)的形态分类学特征进行了详细的描述，编制了检索表，丰富了新疆鼓藻类植物研究资料.     

A new superfamily,family, genus and species of marine amphipod,Protodulichia scandens,from Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Senticaudata: Corophiida)

ABSTRACT

In this study, the new amphipod superfamily Protodulichioidea and family Protodulichiidae are established. Both belong to the infraorder Corophiida but is different from all known superfamilies and families. Amphipods included in the new superfamily and family are characterised by having a triangular head with large eyes, extremely long pereopod 7, and uropod 3 with a short peduncle and slender rami bearing a few robust setae. Protodulichia scandens gen. et sp. nov. is fully described here and its mast-building behaviour is also recorded.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F6613B27-D954-4E4C-86CB-9FC5E9624334